Urological Cancer Care

Bladder cancer begins in the cells lining the bladder, the organ responsible for storing urine. It is often detected early because it can cause noticeable urinary symptoms, but it can also recur after treatment, making ongoing monitoring important. Risk factors include smoking, exposure to certain industrial chemicals, chronic bladder inflammation, older age, being male and a family or personal history of bladder cancer.

Symptoms for ovarian cancer include: 

• Blood in the urine (may appear pink, red, or cola-colored)

• Frequent urination

• Pain or burning during urination

• Difficulty urinating or weak urine stream

• Unexplained weight loss 

• Pelvic pain

• Back pain 

Treatment Options: 

• Surgery (to remove tumors or part/all of the bladder)

• Intravesical therapy (medication delivered directly into the bladder)

• Immunotherapy 

• Targeted Therapy 

• Chemotherapy

• Radiation Therapy

Kidney cancer begins in the kidneys, which filter blood to produce urine. It mostly affects people over 50, with risk factors including smoking, high blood pressure, obesity and family history. 

Symptoms 

• Blood in urine 

• Frequent urination or urge to urinate 

• Pain or burning during urination  

• Side, pelvic or lower back pain 

• A lump or a mass in the abdomen or side 

Treatment Options 

• Surgery, including partial or full removal of the bladder or kidney 

• Immunotherapy 

• Targeted Therapy 

• Chemotherapy

• Radiation Therapy

Prostate cancer develops in the prostate, a small walnut-sized gland in men that produces seminal fluid. It is one of the most common cancers in men and often shows no early symptoms, though certain signs may appear as it progresses. 

Symptoms 

• Difficulty urinating or a weak urine stream 

• Frequent urination, especially at night 

• Blood in the urine or semen 

• Painful ejaculation 

• Discomfort in the pelvic area 

Treatment Options 

• Active surveillance for low-risk, slow-growing cancer 

• Surgery (prostatectomy) to remove the prostate gland 

• Radiation therapy, including external beam or brachytherapy 

• Hormone therapy to reduce androgen levels that fuel cancer growth 

• Chemotherapy for more aggressive or advanced cases 

• Targeted therapy or immunotherapy in select situations 

Testicular cancer is a rare cancer that starts in the testicles. It most often affects men aged 15 to 35, but it can occur at any age. When detected early, it is highly treatable. 

Symptoms 

•  An unknown painless lump in the testicles 

• A lump or swelling in either testicle 

• A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum 

• Dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin 

• Sudden fluid buildup in the scrotum 

• Pain or discomfort in the testicle or scrotum 

• Breast tenderness or enlargement (due to hormone changes) 

Treatment Options 

• Orchiectomy surgery (removal of the affected testicle) 

• Radiation therapy (often used for seminomas) 

• Chemotherapy (used to kill cancer cells that have spread) 

• Post-surgery surveillance to monitor risk of recurrence